Transportation systems are essential for both commerce and recreation. Canada's main transportation systems are:
Air: Canada has one national airline and several private airlines. There are 10 international airports plus about 300 smaller airports, and the busiest are Toronto, Vancouver, Calgary and Montreal.
Rail: Canada has more than 72,000 kilometers of railroad track, used mostly for freight. VIA Rail operates a nation-wide passenger rail service, and several of Canada's larger cities have commuter rail to the suburbs.
Road: Canada has more than 1.4 million kilometres of roads and the Trans Canada Highway spans 7,821 kilometers (4,860 mi.) from Newfoundland to Vancouver Island. Long-distance passenger buses travel between major cities and stop in smaller towns along the way, offering comfortable seating and luggage space.
Sea: Canada has over 300 commercial ports and harbours on the Pacific, Atlantic and Arctic oceans, as well as the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway. Large ferry boats take foot passengers and cars to islands like Newfoundland or Vancouver Island, and smaller passenger-only ferries service smaller islands.
Public Transit: City and regional public transit may include bus, train, light rail and underground subway. Hours of operation and cost vary, and a schedule (timetable) for exact times is usually available on the Internet or in the local telephone book. Taxis are also readily available in most urban areas.
Transportation Fast Facts
The Trans-Canada Highway between Victoria, British Columbia and St. John's Newfoundland is one of the world's three longest national highways.
The first successful crossing of Canada by car was in 1912.
In 2006, 11% of Canadians used public transportation to get to work; 72.3% got to work by car, 6.4% walked and 1.3% rode a bike.
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